Today, we live in a culturally diverse society due to globalization. As our world grows, expands and become increasingly more interconnected, the need for effective interpersonal communication among differing cultures has become apparent. When people from different cultures interact with one another there is intercultural communication because different cultures create different interpretation and expectations about what is seen as competent behaviors that will enable the construction of shared meanings.
There are numerous definitions of culture but I will use the definition of the interpretive approach and Clifford Geertz’s, which defines culture as a meaning system which members use to interpret the world around them. Culture …show more content…

Umberto Eco (1977), a semiotician, presents an idea of ideology which is characterized as a biased and isolated image of the world and this form of ideology do not consider the complex nature of belief systems and reasoning across cultural groups. This is perhaps due to the tendency people have to oversee information that would contradict their beliefs about others and instead search for information that would confirm what they already believe (Christoffanini).
The reality is then, that our perceptions of Others are extremely selective. According to the principle of negativity, individuals tend to regard negative information about strangers or members of out-groups than regard them with positive facts. Out-group based interactions makes us feel anxious and there is a lot of uncertainty related to it. For that reason we often take use of negative stereotypes when we deal with interaction with out-group members (Ting-Toomey).

People who belong to different groups are prone to be suspicious of out-groups.
William Graham’s presented the concept of in-group and out-group orientation where an in-group is a collectivity with which an individual identifies and an out-group is a collectivity with which an individual does not identify. Group dynamics determine our mindsets and we find security, protection and self-esteem in groups that are similar to us. Social identity theory explains that people act upon in-group favoritism and out-group differentiation with