The book Ingenious Pain by Andrew Miller takes place during The Enlightenment of the 18th century. This dramatic novel portrays James Dyer, the main character, is born in 1739 without the feeling of pain. In the eight parts of the story, the structure begins near the end in which an autopsy is taken place of James dyer, who died in 1772. The climax of the story is not of his death, but rather the metamorphosis of his human suffering. This change connects with Friedrich Nietzsche theory of pain. "In pain there is as much wisdom as in pleasure: like the latter it is one of the best self preservatives of a species". His theories of suffering, hardships, and pain allow us to understand the goodness of pain. The metamorphosis of Andrew Miller …show more content…

In Lestrade's view, "There is no blood; the flesh parts like water, like sand" (Miller 123). He does not want to help Dyer because he feels an unusual force preventing him from going in. Dyer feels like he is on fire from inside and out. He starts to become insane. Later Mr. Swallow sends Dyer to a lunatic asylum in England, where his pain continues to increase. Dyer begins to feel the old injuries of his leg and hands and remembers the loss of Mary. Augustus Rose arrives to help the inmates through art. He castes them into a William Shakespeare A Midsummer Night's Dream. Dyer falls in love with Dot Flyer during the play and has sex with her. He experiences pleasure for the first time. Dot dies of a seizure and Dyer, again, grieves for someone who he truly loves. As he is dismissed from the asylum, he senses that Mary is waiting for him. Friedrich Nietsche connects with Dyer's pain by emphasizing the importance of suffering. He states, "The discipline of suffering, of great suffering - do you not know that it is this discipline alone that has produced all the elevations of humanity so far?" Although pain and suffering is cruel, it is essential to produce humanity. For without pain there is no humanity. As Dyer becomes capable of feeling pain, he also gains the capability to love. Dyer's conversion to love and suffering is the climax of Ingenious Pain. He stays in Lestrade's house to practice the concern for others and art. His change from an automaton surgeon