Comparison of Plato, Aquinas, Aristotle and Augustine

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Plato Truth and Reality- "And isn't it a bad thing to be deceived about the truth, and a good thing to know what the truth is? For I assume that by knowing the truth you mean knowing things as they really are. " Truthfulness. He will never willingly tolerate an untruth, but will hate it as much as he loves truth... And is there anything more closely connected with wisdom than truth? (Plato, 380BC)

Reason Reason is knowledge of things like mathematics but which require that some postulates be accepted without question, and "intelligence," which is the knowledge of the highest and most abstract categories of things, an understanding of the ultimate good.(Plato)

World/Universe The intelligible world is made up of the unchanging
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Human being is a complete union of body and soul and that reason can be trusted.

World/Universe The universe in a way goes through every possible state of affairs from the beginning of time to the end thereof. As all existing things could also not exist, there was once a time when nothing existed. If such a point in time did indeed exist, then it would follow that nothing could be created either, as nothingness cannot become anything by itself. It is however evident, that at least some things exist at the present moment, which means that even in the time when presumably nothing existed, something had to exist in order to create something out of the nothingness. Therefore God had to exist even when nothing else existed to create everything in existence now.

Virtue

Human acts are good if they promote the purpose of God and His honor. Virtue denotes a certain perfection of a power. Now a thing's perfection is considered chiefly in regard to its end. But the end of power is act. Wherefore power is said to be perfect, according as it is determinate to its act.

There are four cardinal virtues, prudence, temperance, justice and forfitude. The cardinal virtues are natural and revealed in nature, and they are binding on everyone. There are, however, three theological virtues, faith,hope, and charity.These are supernatural and are distinct from other virtues in their object, namely, God:

Prudence- virtue

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